Here is an example from Darktable.
This screenshot is of the Viewer (aka lighttable) showing three versions of file _A7R9054.ARW. Each has a different star rating and appears as an image in the Viewer table.
This screenshot is of the Editor (aka darktable), showing each version on the left with its own label, named by me.
I was wrong to say that Darktable stores multiple edits in one sidecar file. Each edit has its own sidecar file. Successive edit sidecar files are named filename_01, filename_02 etc.
Here are the three Darktable sidecar files for the three versions of the above-mentioned image.
1
2
3
Hope this is useful.
cheers